Fundamentals of Chemistry and Structure of Elements

The course Fundamentals of Chemistry and Structure of the Elements covers the theoretical foundations of matter, classifying its physical and chemical properties, intensive and extensive, and emphasizing the standardization of measurements (mass, volume, density) by the International System of Units (SI). The historical study of chemical reactions through the Ponderal Laws (Lavoisier and Proust) is highlighted, along with the development of the atomic model from Dalton to Bohr, including subatomic particles, atomic number, mass, isotopes, and ion formation.

The content goes deeper into electronic structure and classical atomic models, covering Thomson, Rutherford, and Bohr, providing the foundation for understanding the modern Periodic Table. The contributions of Mendeleev and Moseley are explored, enabling the analysis of groups and periods, and prediction of the chemical behavior of metals, nonmetals, and noble gases. This organization highlights the relationship between electronic configuration and chemical properties, consolidating the understanding of element behavior in nature.