Evolution of Public Administration in Brazil

In this course, students will study the historical evolution of Brazilian public administration, covering patrimonialism, characterized by personal favoritism and confusion between public and private assets; bureaucratic administration, implemented in the Vargas Era with hierarchy, impersonality, and standardized procedures; and managerial administration, which began in the 1990s and incorporates private-sector practices such as results-based management, decentralization, accountability, and evaluation through performance indicators.

The course will also address the constitutional principles of Public Administration (LIMPE): Legality, Impersonality, Morality, Publicity, and Efficiency, and the organization of the State, including Direct Administration, Indirect Administration (autarchies, foundations, public companies, and mixed-economy companies), and the Third Sector. Additionally, the types of public services will be presented and the importance of transparent procurement under Brazil's Law 14,133/2021, highlighting modalities such as Competitive Bidding, Reverse Auction (Pregão), Auction, and Competitive Dialogue.

Finally, students will understand the instruments of budget planning and results control: Multi-Year Plan (PPA), Budget Guidelines Law (LDO), and Annual Budget Law (LOA), as well as the work of internal and external controls (Audit Courts) and the use of impact indicators and active transparency, ensuring that society can effectively oversee public management.