{"product_id":"thermodynamic-fundamentals-of-chemical-reactions","title":"Thermodynamic Fundamentals of Chemical Reactions","description":"\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe course \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThermodynamic Fundamentals of Chemical Reactions\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e explores energy exchanges in the form of heat in chemical reactions and state changes, focusing on \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eenthalpy (ΔH)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e, which quantifies the heat exchanged at constant pressure. It distinguishes \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eexothermic\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e (ΔH \u0026lt; 0, release heat) and \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eendothermic\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e (ΔH \u0026gt; 0, absorb heat) processes, illustrating energy transfers and \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eactivation energy\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e barriers through enthalpy diagrams.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe content covers the main laws of thermochemistry, such as the \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eLavoisier-Laplace Law\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e (reversing the reaction reverses the sign of heat) and \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHess's Law\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e, which allows the energy variations of complex reactions to be calculated by summing intermediate reactions.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe course teaches two methods of enthalpy calculation: by the standard ΔH of formation, using experimental data, and by the bond enthalpy method, based on the energy required to break bonds and form products. Mastery of these concepts is essential for predicting compound stability, assessing climate impacts, and ensuring safety in industrial reactors.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"EstudeLivre","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43018549297229,"sku":"TERMODINAMICA-RECOES","price":42.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0683\/0466\/6701\/files\/image_59278449-5866-42ed-9d72-af848c12edbe.png?v=1779364234","url":"https:\/\/www.edugradus.com\/en-us\/products\/thermodynamic-fundamentals-of-chemical-reactions","provider":"EduGradus","version":"1.0","type":"link"}