{"product_id":"planning-plans-and-programs","title":"Planning, Plans, and Programs","description":"\u003cp\u003eIn this course, students will understand the fundamentals of public planning, highlighting its differences from the private sector. Historical models of Brazilian public administration will be covered, from bureaucratic to managerial, and the public policy cycle, which turns social demands into structured actions through the phases of agenda setting, formulation, decision-making, implementation, and evaluation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe course presents the budget planning triad — Multi-Year Plan (PPA), Budget Guidelines Law (LDO), and Annual Budget Law (LOA) — and details how programs and projects operationalize public policies. The types of programs (thematic and management), execution through projects, activities, and special operations, and the importance of performance monitoring through efficiency, effectiveness, and impact (the \"3 Es\") will be discussed. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFinally, the module explores control, transparency, and accountability mechanisms. Students will learn about internal, external, and social control, using digital tools, interactive dashboards, and transparency portals to ensure public resources are applied responsibly, measurably, and aligned with society's interests.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"EstudeLivre","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43018548052045,"sku":"PLANEJAMENTO-PLANOS-PROGRAMAS","price":42.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0683\/0466\/6701\/files\/fundamentos-da-filosofia-e-tica-em-administra-o_17b74f3c-d204-474d-b0de-3162f82f79ef.png?v=1779364167","url":"https:\/\/www.edugradus.com\/en-us\/products\/planning-plans-and-programs","provider":"EduGradus","version":"1.0","type":"link"}